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自然景物中的大多数目标表面温度接近300°K。这种目标在直至20微米波段内的辐射率约为10~(18)光子·秒~(-1)·厘米~(-2)。且在此波段内热辐射率随波长增长而急剧增长。这就为热成象提供了相当可观的可以利用的光子数。而热成象本身的发展,又在军事和民用方面展现了极为广阔的应用前景。当然人们最感兴趣的是对长波红外灵敏的成象器。响应波长在2-3微米范围。军事上用于观察高对比度的目标。如喷气飞机的喷气口、发射火箭形成的尾焰、飞行中的导弹等。响应波长在4.5微米以上,300°K的目标就能利用自身的热辐射实现成象。因而长波红外成
Most target surface temperatures in natural scenery are close to 300 ° K. The emissivity of this target is in the order of 10-18 (18) photons per second cm (-2) up to the 20 micron band. And in this band the emissivity increases sharply with wavelength. This provides a considerable amount of photons available for thermal imaging. However, the development of thermal imaging itself has shown extremely broad application prospect in military and civil fields. Of course, people are most interested in the long-wave infrared sensitive imager. Response wavelength in the 2-3 micron range. Military used to observe the goal of high contrast. Such as the jet of a jet aircraft, the tail flame of a rocket launch, the missiles in flight, and the like. With a response wavelength of 4.5 microns or more, a 300 ° K target can image with its own thermal radiation. Thus long-wave infrared into