杨增新的思想渊源极为复杂,但其内政的理念可概括为:务农本、重吏治,保民利、尚节俭。基于此理念,修渠垦荒以安插流民成为他治理新疆的一个基本出发点。在修渠和招垦中,杨氏调动和利用各种社会力量。在修渠与招垦经费的多种来源中,主要运用的是财政扩张手段,故而杨氏极为关注纸币的信用问题与水利投资的收回。他倾向于向贫民平均授田,反对富户、地方官兼并土地,从而强化了国家——小农的社会结构。总体上,其为政的思想、策略及实践,体现了对国、官、民三者关系的把握与处理。 Yang Zengxin’s thinking origins are extremely complicated, but his internal philosophy can be summed up as follows: Based on this concept, rehabilitating wasteland to settle displaced people became his basic point of departure for the administration of Xinjiang. In cultivation and reclamation, Young mobilized and utilized various social forces. Among various sources of funds for canal repatriation and reclamation, the main means of fiscal expansion is Young’s concern for the issue of bank notes and the recovery of investment in water conservancy. He tended to give an average share of the land to the poor and oppose to the rich households and the local officials to annex the land, thereby strengthening the social structure of the state - smallholder farmers. Generally speaking, the thought, tactics and practice of its administration are the embodiment and treatment of the relations between the three countries, officials and the people.