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[目的]了解四川省绵竹县和峨眉山市出生缺陷及其他不良妊娠结局的发生情况。[方法]2006年10月~2009年9月期间,采用以人群为基础的出生缺陷监测方法收集数据,调查监测区域内所有孕满28周的新生儿并随访至生后42d。分析出生缺陷、围产儿死亡、婴儿死亡、低出生体重的发生情况以及出生缺陷患儿的监测期转归。[结果]绵竹县、峨眉山市的出生缺陷发生率分别为120.43/万和104.85/万。绵竹县出生缺陷患儿中死胎死产比例和监测期内死亡比例为15.38%和4.40%;峨眉山市的这两个比例为3.49%和13.95%。绵竹县出生人口中的死胎死产率、围产儿死亡率、监测期婴儿死亡率、低出生体重率分别为4.37‰、5.82‰,1.99‰和20.78‰;峨眉山市分别为1.95‰,5.85%,16.00‰和30.60‰。[结论]出生缺陷等不良妊娠结局在绵竹县和峨眉山市的分布不同,提示针对性的妇幼保健干预应注意影响因素的差异;研究结果也表明现有人群监测系统在评估出生人口素质方面起着重要作用。
[Objective] To understand the incidence of birth defects and other adverse pregnancy outcomes in Mianzhu County and Emeishan City, Sichuan Province. [Methods] From October 2006 to September 2009, population-based monitoring methods of birth defects were used to collect data. All 28-week-old newborns in the monitoring area were investigated and followed up for 42 days. Analysis of birth defects, perinatal deaths, infant deaths, the incidence of low birth weight, and monitoring outcomes in children with birth defects. [Results] The incidence of birth defects in Mianzhu County and Emeishan City was 120.43 / 10 000 and 104.85 / 10 000 respectively. The proportions of stillbirths and deaths among birth-defect infants in Mianzhu County were 15.38% and 4.40%, respectively; while the two proportions in Mount Emei City were 3.49% and 13.95%. The stillbirth rate, perinatal mortality rate, infant mortality rate and low birth weight rate among the population born in Mianzhu County were 4.37 ‰, 5.82 ‰, 1.99 ‰ and 20.78 ‰, respectively; the population in Emeishan City was 1.95 ‰ and 5.85% respectively, 16.00 ‰ and 30.60 ‰. [Conclusion] The distribution of unfavorable pregnancy outcomes such as birth defects in Mianzhu County and Emeishan City are different, suggesting that the specific interventions should pay attention to the differences in influencing factors. The results also show that the current population monitoring system plays an important role in assessing the quality of birth population Important role.