剂量反应关系的本质是毒理学的重要特征,并且它在大多数的毒理学教材中都有详细阐述[1]。对环境污染物的危险度评价是毒理学的重要任务之一。目前危险度评价所面临的主要挑战是数据的外推。管理者将从动物实验得到的结果外推到人,不仅要从老鼠到人,还要从实验动物的高剂量接触外推到人的低剂量暴露。这两种外推都存在着很大的不确定性[2]。为了解决这种外推的不确定性,一种新的剂量反应关系模型——毒物兴奋效应——引起了一些科学学的注意。在环境毒理学和医学毒理学领域,毒物兴奋效应是一个很有争议的概念[3-4]。本综述的主要目的是讨论毒物兴奋效应的定义、发展、重要特征、机制、应用和为何未被广泛接受等一系列问题。 The nature of the dose-response relationship is an important feature of toxicology and is described in detail in most toxicology texts [1]. The assessment of the risk of environmental pollutants is one of the important tasks of toxicology. The main challenge for the current risk assessment is the extrapolation of the data. The extrapolation of the results from animal experiments to human beings, not only from mice to humans, but also extrapolation from high-dose exposure in experimental animals to low-dose human exposure, Both of these extrapolations present a great deal of uncertainty [2]. In order to solve this uncertainty of extrapolation, a new model of dose-response relationship - the toxic effect of poison - has drawn some scientific attention. The toxic effects of toxicants are a contentious concept in environmental toxicology and medical toxicology [3-4]. The main purpose of this review is to discuss a series of questions such as the definition, development, important characteristics, mechanism, application and why it has not been widely accepted.