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以人参及加拿大西洋参为对照,对我国14个产地的西洋参的遗传多样性进行分析,以了解我国西洋参引种30年后遗传稳定性是否发生了明显变异。应用了RAPD分子标记技术,POPGEN32数据分析,NTSYS2.10聚类图绘制。结果显示,各产地西洋参遗传多样性丰富,其中13条随机引物共扩增出多态性条带81条,多态性83.51%;有效等位基因数(Ne)1.456 7;Nei’s基因多样性指数(H)0.274 8;Shannon’s多样性信息指数(Ho)0.419 4。聚类分析可知,人参与西洋参分类明显,特别发现无人参生产的地区的西洋参与有人参生产的地区的西洋参可明显各聚一类,认为在遗传上未达到质的变异。因此提出吉林省西洋参要注意建立良种田,以保持种质纯净的建议。
Taking ginseng and ginseng as reference, the genetic diversity of Panax quinquefolius in 14 producing areas in China was analyzed to find out whether the genetic stability of Panax ginseng in the past 30 years has changed obviously. Applied RAPD molecular marker technology, POPGEN32 data analysis, NTSYS2.10 cluster drawing. The results showed that the genetic diversity of American ginseng was rich in all habitats. Among them, 13 random primers amplified 81 polymorphic bands with a polymorphism of 83.51%; the number of effective alleles (Ne) was 1.456 7; Nei’s gene diversity index (H) 0.274 8; Shannon’s diversity index (Ho) 0.419 4. Cluster analysis shows that ginseng is obviously classified into American ginseng. In particular, the American ginseng in the ginseng-produced area participating in the ginseng production in the ginseng production area can be obviously clustered with each other, and it is considered that genetic variation is not met qualitatively. Therefore, it is suggested that the American ginseng in Jilin Province should pay attention to establishing good farming so as to keep the germplasm pure.