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1 前言散堆装及集装箱货物运量在铁路运输中占相当大的比重。通过柳州南站货车超偏载检测设备的检测资料可以看出:当前超载车辆中60％以上为散堆装货物,集装箱的超载也呈上升趋势。车辆的超偏载不但严重危及行车安全,而且直接造成铁路发送吨、运输收入的损失。集装箱的超载还会造成吊箱作业时,起重机械设备的损坏,甚至危及人身安全。从柳州东站的货源结构来看,散堆装及集装箱货物运量基本上呈逐年上升趋势,2000年全站总发送150万吨,其中散堆装货物75万吨,集装箱发送19.8万吨,分别占总发送吨的50％和13.2％。通过柳州东站超偏载仪的检测,发现所装的散堆装及集装箱货物的超偏载问题确实普遍存在。因而,很有必要对产生超偏载问题的原因加以分析,并采取有效措施予以克服。
1 Introduction Bulk loading and container freight traffic account for a considerable proportion of railway transport. Through Liuzhou South Station truck overloading and unloading test equipment testing data can be seen: the current overloaded vehicles more than 60% of the bulk cargo, container overload is also on the rise. The overloading and overloading of vehicles not only seriously endangers traffic safety, but also directly causes the loss of railway transportation tons and transportation revenue. Overloading of the containers can also cause damage to the crane machinery and equipment and even endanger personal safety during the operation of the crane. From the supply structure of Liuzhou East Railway Station, the volume of bulk cargoes and container cargoes basically showed an upward trend year by year. In 2000, the total number of stations was 1.5 million tons, of which 750,000 tons were bulk cargoes and 198,000 tons were sent by containers. Respectively accounting for 50% and 13.2% of the total tons sent. Through the testing of overloading and overloading of Liuzhou East Railway Station, it was found that the problems of overloading and unloading of bulk cargoes and container cargoes were indeed widespread. Therefore, it is necessary to analyze the causes of overloading and carry out effective measures to overcome them.