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目的研究颌面部撞击伤导致的牙周膜间接损伤的特点。方法本研究于2013年11月至2014年1月在第四军医大学口腔颌面创伤实验室进行。将18只实验犬随机均分为6组,以质量0.26 kg的铁质帽状圆柱体撞击致伤犬右下颌骨体部,但不直接伤及牙齿;分别于伤后6、24 h及3、7、14、28 d处死实验犬,观察犬右下颌第四前磨牙、第二前磨牙及左下颌第二前磨牙牙周膜间接损伤的组织病理学变化。结果右下颌第四前磨牙的牙周膜损伤稍明显,但病理变化可逆;右下颌第二前磨牙的牙周膜损伤轻微;左下颌第二前磨牙牙周膜未见明显损伤。结论颌面部撞击伤可导致邻近牙齿的牙周膜发生间接损伤,但病理变化可逆;损伤程度随着牙齿与伤区距离的增加而递减。
Objective To study the characteristics of indirect injury of periodontal ligament caused by maxillofacial injuries. Methods The study was conducted at the Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Trauma Laboratory, Fourth Military Medical University from November 2013 to January 2014. Eighteen experimental dogs were randomly divided into six groups, with a mass of 0.26 kg of iron cap-shaped cylinder hit the right canine mandibular body, but did not directly hurt the teeth; respectively, 6, 24 h and 3 The experimental dogs were sacrificed at 7, 14 and 28 days. The histopathological changes in the periodontal ligament of the second premolar, the second premolar and the second premolar of the right canine were observed. Results The periodontal ligament damage of the fourth premolar in the right lower quadrant was obvious, but the pathological changes were reversible. The periodontal ligament damage of the second premolar in the right mandible was slight. Conclusions Maxillofacial impact injury can cause indirect damage to the periodontal ligament adjacent to the tooth, but the pathological changes are reversible. The degree of injury decreases with the distance between the tooth and the wound.