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目的探讨先天性支气管闭锁的产前超声诊断特点。方法对1例胸腔占位的胎儿行系统产前超声检查,诊断为左侧支气管闭锁,腹腔积液,与MRI及病理解剖对比研究,并对相关文献回顾分析,总结其声像图特点。结果支气管闭锁具有特征性的超声表现:闭锁支气管相对应的肺体积显著增大、同侧肺及对侧肺受压发育不良、心脏向健侧移位、膈肌反向等。胎儿MRI检查及病理解剖证实产前超声诊断。结论胎儿支气管闭锁有特征性的超声表现,产前超声可以做出正确诊断。
Objective To investigate the characteristics of prenatal ultrasound diagnosis of congenital bronchial atresia. Methods Prenatal ultrasound was performed on 1 fetus with chest space occupying. The diagnosis of the left bronchial atresia and ascites was compared with MRI and pathological anatomy. The related literatures were analyzed retrospectively to summarize their sonographic features. Results Bronchial atresia had characteristic ultrasound findings: the volume of the lung corresponding to the bronchus of the atresia significantly increased, the hypoplastic pressure of the ipsilateral lung and the contralateral lung, the displacement of the heart to the contralateral side, and the diaphragm reversed. Fetal MRI examination and pathological anatomy confirm the diagnosis of prenatal ultrasound. Conclusion Fetal bronchial atresia has characteristic ultrasound manifestations, and prenatal ultrasound can make the correct diagnosis.