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目的调查接触三硝基甲苯(TNT)的火炸药科研人员的心动过缓和职业性白内障的发病情况。方法选择火炸药科研生产过程中接触TNT的科研人员234人为观察组,另选同一单位内不接触TNT的机关人员和后勤人员89人为对照组,通过工作场所TNT水平现场监测和科研人员职业健康检查,明确工作场所TNT水平、科研人员心动过缓和职业性白内障的发生情况。结果①TNT现场检测的时间加权平均浓度为0.01～0.14 mg/m3,短时间接触浓度为0.01～2.17 mg/m3;②观察组和对照组人员心血管系统自觉症状阳性率分别为26.1%和14.6%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);观察组和对照组人员心动过缓发生率分别为11.5%和3.4%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);③观察组4人被确诊为职业性白内障。结论火炸药科研人员作业过程中接触TNT会导致心动过缓和职业性白内障的发生,应加强科研人员在TNT接触过程中的防护。
Objective To investigate the incidence of bradycardia and occupational cataracts among explosives researchers exposed to trinitrotoluene (TNT). Methods A total of 234 scientific research personnel who were exposed to TNT in the process of scientific research and production of explosives and explosives were selected as the observation group and 89 persons who did not contact TNT in the same unit as the control group were selected as the control group and monitored by TNT level in the workplace and occupational health examination , A clear workplace TNT levels, researchers bradycardia and occupational cataracts. Results ①TNT time-weighted average concentration of 0.01 ~ 0.14 mg / m3, short-term exposure concentration of 0.01 ~ 2.17 mg / m3; ② The positive rate of cardiovascular system symptoms in observation group and control group were 26.1% and 14.6% , The difference was statistically significant (P <0.05); the incidence of bradycardia in the observation group and the control group were 11.5% and 3.4% respectively, the difference was statistically significant (P <0.05); ③ The observation group 4 were diagnosed as Occupational cataract. Conclusion Exposure to TNT during the operation of explosives and explosives researchers can lead to bradycardia and occupational cataracts, and the protection of researchers during TNT exposure should be strengthened.