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目的了解大坝建设和三期蓄水对并殖吸虫流行的影响,为三峡大坝完工后建立疾病预测系统,开展监测工作提供参考。方法调查坝区不同水位并殖吸虫第二中间宿主溪蟹密度及其种群构成,沉渣镜检溪蟹的并殖吸虫囊蚴。采用酶联免疫吸附试验检测人群血清并殖吸虫IgG抗体。结果并殖吸虫第二中间宿主溪蟹的囊蚴感染率自三期蓄水前的6.53%下降到三期蓄水后的4.04%,差异无统计学意义(P<0.05);人群并殖吸虫抗体IgG检测阳性率自2006年0.75%上升至2007年的2.25%,差别无统计学意义(P<0.05);坝区人群生食虾蟹者占1.00%,饮生水者占41.65%。并殖吸虫健康防病知识知晓率低于35.00%。结论在三峡大坝水位逐步升高过程中,坝区并殖吸虫病流行处于稳定状态,未受大坝建设和蓄水明显影响。
Objective To understand the influence of the dam construction and the third phase of impoundment on the prevalence of Paragonimiasis, and to provide reference for the establishment of the disease prediction system and the monitoring work after the completion of the Three Gorges Dam. Methods The density of crabs and its population in the second intermediate host of Paragonimus tuberculosis at different water levels in the dam area were investigated. Paragonimus metacercariae were examined by sediment microscopy. Serogroup IgG was detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Results The infection rate of metacercariae of Paragonimus cynocephalus cynocephalus cynocephalus decreased from 6.53% before the third phase impoundment to 4.04% after the third phase impoundment, the difference was not statistically significant (P <0.05) The positive rate of IgG antibody detection rose from 0.75% in 2006 to 2.25% in 2007, with no significant difference (P <0.05). In dam area, the prevalence of raw food was 1.00% and that of drinking water was 41.65%. Paragonimus health awareness of disease prevention knowledge rate of less than 35.00%. Conclusions During the period when the water level of the Three Gorges Dam is gradually increasing, the prevalence of paragonimiasis in the dam area is stable and not affected by dam construction and water storage.