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英语中的引喻(allusion)具有“引”和“喻”的双重特点:引用读者熟知的人名、地名、名言、故事等作喻体,来说明本体。如果所引用的是历史或文学作品中的人名、地名、名言、故事,英语里称作literary allusion,相当于汉语中的“典故”。 英语的引喻能唤起联想,使表达具体、形象、深刻、强烈、具有权威性;能将复杂的思想凝缩于三言两语;还能暗示作者不愿直陈的内容。它是一种表现能力很强的修辞手段。
The allusion in English has the dual characteristics of “lead” and “metaphor”: it refers to the ontology by making reference to the well-known names of people, names, famous sayings and stories. If the reference is historical or literary works of names, names, famous sayings, stories, known as literary allusion in English, the equivalent of Chinese “allusions.” English metaphor can arouse the association, make the expression concrete, vivid, strong and authoritative; can condense the complex thoughts in a few words; but also can imply that the author does not want to confessed the content. It is a powerful rhetorical device.