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目的采用腹主动脉部分缩窄术建立大鼠慢性心力衰竭模型,评价慢性心力衰竭建模效果。方法将大鼠随机分为A、B两组,各24只。A组行腹主动脉部分缩窄术,B组仅分离腹主动脉而不缩窄,术后每日观察大鼠的精神状态及体重等一般情况的变化。分别于术后第4周、第8周末行超声心动图检查,以评价大鼠的心功能改变,并于第8周末取心脏组织进行HE染色、马松染色观察心肌组织结构改变及心肌纤维化改变。结果术后1周A组大鼠存活18只,死亡6只,存活率为75%,B组全部存活;建模四周后A组大鼠出现毛发稀疏、蓬松、干燥无光泽,活动力降低,呼吸频率加快,体重增长缓慢等变化,而且这些变化随建模时间增长而愈加明显,到8周时出现明显心力衰竭体征;建模4周后心动图检查结果:A组大鼠心脏收缩末期左室后壁厚度(LVPWs)、舒张末期左室后壁厚度(LVPWd)、收缩期室间隔厚度(IVSs)、舒张末期室间隔厚度(IVSd)均增加,其差异有统计学意义(p<0.05),左心射血分数(LVEF)有下降趋势但无统计学意义(p>0.05);建模8周后A组大鼠LVPWs(0.297±0.020 vs 0.374±0.023)、p<0.05,LVPWd(0.192±0.009 vs0.290±0.028)mm、p<0.05,IVSs(0.311±0.008 vs 0.364±0.012)mm、p<0.05,IVSd(0.187±0.008 vs 0.225±0.023)mm、p<0.05,LVEF(86.586±1.452 vs 60.630±2.716)mm、p<0.05,均差异明显(p<0.05);HE染色结果和马松染色结果显示A组大鼠心肌细胞体积增大、数量减少、细胞排列紊乱、间隙增宽、细胞核浓染增大、染色不均、心肌肌节增多、肌纤维间质胶原纤维增生。结论腹主动脉部分缩窄术可在8周时间成功建立大鼠慢性心力衰竭模型,且稳定性高,重复性好,是研究慢性心力衰竭的理想建模方法。
Objective To establish a rat model of chronic heart failure by partial abdominal aorta stenosis and to evaluate the modeling effect of chronic heart failure. Methods The rats were randomly divided into A, B two groups, each 24. A group of abdominal aortic partial narrowing surgery, B group only separated the abdominal aorta without narrowing, postoperative daily observation of the mental state and weight changes in the general situation. Echocardiography was performed on the 4th and 8th postoperative day respectively to evaluate the changes of cardiac function in rats. At the end of 8th week, the heart tissues were taken for HE staining, and the changes of myocardial structure and myocardial fibrosis change. Results One week after operation, 18 rats in group A survived, 6 died and the survival rate was 75%. All rats in group B survived. After 4 weeks of modeling, the rats in group A showed sparse hair, fluffy, dry and dull, Respiratory rate, slow weight gain and other changes, and these changes with the growth of modeling time and more obvious signs of significant heart failure by 8 weeks; 4 weeks after modeling, the results of cardiography: A group of rats with end-systolic left LVPWs, LVPWd, IVSs and IVSd increased significantly (p <0.05), and there was significant difference between the two groups LV ejection fraction (LVEF) had no statistical significance (p> 0.05); LVPWs of group A were 0.297 ± 0.020 vs 0.374 ± 0.023 (p <0.05, LVPWd 0.192 P <0.05, IVSd (0.187 ± 0.008 vs 0.225 ± 0.023) mm, p <0.05, LVEF (86.586 ± 0.008 vs 0.240 ± 0.023) mm, p <0.05 vs IVSs (0.311 ± 0.008 vs 0.364 ± 0.012) 1.452 vs 60.630 ± 2.716) mm, p <0.05, the difference was significant (p <0.05). HE staining and Matson staining showed that the volume of myocardial cells in group A increased, Derangement gap widened, nuclei stain increase, uneven dyeing, increased cardiac sarcomere, myenteric fibrous collagen fibers. Conclusion Abdominal aorta narrowing can be successfully established in 8 weeks in rats with chronic heart failure model, and high stability, good reproducibility, is the ideal model for the study of chronic heart failure.