礼物及其相应的随礼行为作为一种普遍存在的社会行为,成为社会学与人类学研究关注的重点问题之一。本文对当代中国社会中的“礼物”及“随礼”行为研究展开述评。海外学者主要从关系、互惠与交换三种视角考察“礼物”及“随礼”行为的社会学与人类学意义;中国学者则主要从人情、网络、经济理性三种视角出发,丰富了“礼物”及“随礼”行为的理论构建。目前的研究主要集中在以村庄社区为个案而展开的微观实证性调查分析中,相对于丰富的实证研究,国内关于礼物的理论研究明显不足,基于此,应当对目前过于侧重农村研究的现状加以纠偏,在更大范围内展开城市与乡村的比较研究,将其放入当代中国城市化进程的背景下,考察正在形成中的原子化个人如何调整个人、社会与国家的关系,检讨中国城市化进程中的利弊得失。 As a ubiquitous social behavior, gifts and their corresponding accompanying acts have become one of the key issues in sociological and anthropological research. This article reviews the research on “gift ” and “gift ” behavior in contemporary Chinese society. Overseas scholars mainly examine the sociological and anthropological meanings of “gift” and “gift-giving” behavior from three perspectives: relationship, reciprocity and exchange. Chinese scholars mainly proceed from the perspective of human nature, network and economic rationality, Enriched the theoretical construction of “gift ” and “gift ” behavior. At present, the research mainly focuses on the micro-empirical investigation and analysis based on the case study of village communities. Compared with the abundant empirical research, the theoretical research on gifts in China is obviously inadequate. Based on this, the present state of over-emphasis on rural research should be given Rectify and deviate from each other, carry out a comparative study of urban and rural areas on a larger scale, put it into the background of urbanization in contemporary China, examine how the atomized individual in the process of formation adjusts personal, social and state relations and reviews urbanization in China The pros and cons of the process.