小流域暴雨洪峰流量,是铁路、公路等工程设计中确定桥梁涵洞孔径大小的基本数据。 在无产阶级文化大革命前,一些部门由于受刘少奇反革命修正主义路线的影响,计算小流域洪峰流量曾一度盲目照搬外国计算方法,与我国实际情况不符。有时偏大,造成人力物力损失;有时偏小,又使铁路被洪水冲毁;给我国的社会主义建设带来一定损失。 在无产阶级文化大革命中,遵照伟大领袖毛主席“打破洋框框,走自已工业发展道路”的教导,铁道部第一设计院根据勘测设计的需要,主持了小流域洪峰流量计算方法的研究和改革,中国科学院地理研究所和铁道部科学研究院西南研究所参加协作,组成一个由工人、干部、技术人员参加的三结合科研小组。几年来在有关单位党组织的领导与关怀下,坚持开门办科研,深入现场,结合生产实际,开展了对洪峰流量计算方法的研究,提出了符合我国实际情况的小流域暴雨洪峰流量计算方法。 这个方法已在我国陕西、甘肃、内蒙、新疆、青海等省和自治区新建铁路的勘测设计中推广使用。通过使用检验,证明此法适用于流域面积在100平方公里以下的小河。 现将该计算的简化方法介绍于后,供同志们参考。全文计四部分:一、暴雨洪峰计算流量的形式;二、小流域暴雨洪峰流量形成的主要因素简介;三、小流域暴雨洪峰流量公式的推 Small watershed storm flood peak flow, railway, highway and other engineering design to determine the bridge culvert aperture size of the basic data. Before the Great Proletarian Cultural Revolution, some departments were affected by the anti-revolutionary revisionist line of Liu Shaoqi. Calculating the peak flow in the small watershed blindly copying the foreign calculation method blindly followed the actual situation in our country. Sometimes large, resulting in loss of manpower and material resources; sometimes it is too small, and the railway is destroyed by the floods; bringing about some loss to our socialist construction. In the Great Proletarian Cultural Revolution, in accordance with the teachings of Chairman Mao, the great leader, “Breaking the Western Framework and Taking the Path of Industrial Development”, the First Design Institute of the Ministry of Railways presided over the research and reform of calculation of peak flow in small watersheds according to the needs of survey and design , Institute of Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences and the Southwest Research Institute of the Ministry of Railways to participate in collaboration to form a combination of workers, cadres, technical personnel to join the three research groups. Over the past few years, with the leadership and care of the Party organizations in the units concerned, the two sides insisted on opening a door to conduct scientific research and going deep into the field. Combining with the actual production, a study was made on how to calculate the flood peak flow and a method to calculate the storm flood peak flow in the small river basin. This method has been widely used in the survey and design of the newly-built railways in Shaanxi, Gansu, Inner Mongolia, Xinjiang, Qinghai and other provinces and autonomous regions in our country. Through the use of tests, this method proves that this method is suitable for small river basins below 100 km2. The simplification of this calculation is now introduced for your reference. The full text consists of four parts: First, the form of storm flood peak flow calculation; Second, the formation of small watershed storm flood peak flow of the main factors; Third, the small watershed storm flood peak flow formula