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目的:分析焦虑抑郁情绪对西宁地区维持性血液透析(MHD)老年患者生活质量的影响,进而探讨其护理对策。方法:应用焦虑自评量表(SAS)、抑郁自评量表(SDS)和肾脏疾病生活质量简表(KDQOL-SF)对70例MHD老年患者进行问卷调查。依据SAS和SD评分标准分为非焦虑抑郁组(n=22)和焦虑抑郁组(n=48),分析两组患者的KDQOL-SF评分状况;并将焦虑抑郁组(n=48)患者随机分为对照组(n=24)和观察组(n=24),对照组给予常规护理,观察组在常规护理基础上给予认知行为等干预,分析比较两组患者的护理效果。结果:70例MHD老年患者中48例存在焦虑抑郁情绪,其KDQOL-SF评分为(46.29±17.00),明显低于非焦虑抑郁患者的(56.86±12.16)(P<0.05)。观察组护理干预后的SAS、SDS和KDQOL-SF评分均明显优于干预前,且与对照组比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:焦虑抑郁情绪可降低西宁地区维持性血液透析老年患者的生活质量,有效的认知行为干预能明显减少维持性血液透析患者的焦虑抑郁情绪,帮助提高生活质量。
Objective: To analyze the influence of anxiety and depression on the quality of life in elderly patients with maintenance hemodialysis (MHD) in Xining, and to explore the nursing countermeasures. Methods: 70 elderly MHD patients were surveyed by using self-rating anxiety scale (SAS), self-rating depression scale (SDS) and KDQOL-SF. According to the criteria of SAS and SD, the KDQOL-SF scores of the two groups were analyzed in non-anxiety depression group (n = 22) and anxiety depression group (n = 48) Control group (n = 24) and observation group (n = 24). The control group was given routine care. The observation group was given cognitive behavior based on routine nursing intervention. The nursing effect was compared and analyzed between the two groups. Results: Forty-eight elderly patients with MHD had anxiety and depression. The KDQOL-SF score was (46.29 ± 17.00), significantly lower than that of non-anxiety and depression patients (56.86 ± 12.16) (P <0.05). The scores of SAS, SDS and KDQOL-SF in the observation group after intervention were significantly better than those before the intervention, and the difference was statistically significant (P <0.05). Conclusion: Anxiety and depression can reduce the quality of life of elderly patients with maintenance hemodialysis in Xining. Effective cognitive and behavioral intervention can significantly reduce the anxiety and depression in maintenance hemodialysis patients and help to improve their quality of life.