在社会再生产的诸环节中,马克思指出:生产表现为起点,消费表现为终点,分配和交换表现为中间环节。(见《<政治经济学批判>导言》,以下引文凡未注明出处者同)在这几个项目之间,马克思首先论证了生产与消费的关系。他既认定“没有生产,就没有消费”,;又同时明确指出“没有消费,也就没有生产”。前一个命题,长期来是被我们所反复强调的。问题在于对后一命题,过去却重视和研究得很不够。我们考虑比较多的是,如何使消费适应生产,如何就生产来安排消费,而忽视了也要通过抓消费来促进生产,使生产适应消费。以往,我们在处理生产与消费关系上所发生的某些失误,不能说同这种认识和做法无关。为了开创农业生产发展的新局面,进一步研究马克思提出的“没有消费,也就没有生产”的命题,联系我国实际,协调好农业生产与消费的关系,无疑具有重要意义。 In the links of social reproduction, Marx pointed out that the performance of production as a starting point, the performance of consumption as the end point, the distribution and exchange performance as an intermediate link. (See “Introduction to Critique of Political Economy,” where the following citation does not indicate the same source.) Between these few projects, Marx first demonstrated the relationship between production and consumption. He not only affirmed that “there is no production but no consumption”, while at the same time it clearly states that “there is no consumption, there is no production.” The former proposition has long been emphasized by us repeatedly. The problem lies in the latter proposition, but in the past, attention and research are not enough. What we think about more is how to make consumption adapt to production and how to arrange consumption on production, while neglecting that we must also promote production through grasping consumption and make production adapt to consumption. In the past, we can not say that some mistakes that have taken place in handling the relations between production and consumption have nothing to do with this understanding and practice. In order to create a new situation in the development of agricultural production, it is undoubtedly of great significance to further study the proposition of “no consumption or no production” put forward by Marx, to contact with the reality of our country and to coordinate the relationship between agricultural production and consumption.