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热电制冷是一种固态制冷方式,它没有运动部件和制冷剂。它易与其他器件整合,并且广泛地应用于热力系统。本文首先介绍热电制冷的能量转换理论。随后介绍了近几年热电制冷材料和应用的最新进展。由IOFFE整理出来的热电能量转换理论至今仍广泛用于评价热电材料和优化热电制冷装置。热电制冷所用热电材料依然以碲化铋为主,主要通过掺杂和纳米化等改善声子散热机制提高其优质系数(ZT)。热电制冷装置主要应用于空间冷却、器件冷却和精准控温,同时主要有3类热电制冷数学模型(热电制冷解析解、一维热电制冷数学模型和三维热电制冷数学模型)用于分析和改善热电制冷装置的性能。
Thermoelectric cooling is a solid state cooling method that has no moving parts and no refrigerant. It is easy to integrate with other devices and is widely used in thermal systems. This paper first introduces the theory of energy conversion in thermoelectric cooling. Then introduced the latest progress of thermoelectric refrigeration materials and applications in recent years. The theory of thermoelectric energy conversion sorted out by IOFFE is still widely used to evaluate thermoelectric materials and optimize thermoelectric cooling devices. The thermoelectric materials used for thermoelectric cooling are still mainly bismuth telluride, which improves the ZT by improving the phonon cooling mechanism mainly through doping and nanocrystallization. Thermoelectric cooling devices are mainly used for space cooling, device cooling and precise temperature control. At the same time, there are mainly three types of thermoelectric cooling mathematical models (thermoelectric cooling solution, one-dimensional thermoelectric cooling mathematical model and three-dimensional thermoelectric cooling mathematical model) for analyzing and improving thermoelectric Refrigeration performance.