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大量饮用含甲醇较多(超过0.12%)的劣质酒或以甲醇加水兑制的假酒可导致急性中毒,甚至死亡。甲醇在人体内被氧化成毒性较强的甲酸或甲醛,并产生大量的氧化产物,破坏细胞内的氧化过程,阻碍CO2的形成,产生乳酸和β-羟丁酸,从而引起酸中毒。其中神经系统和眼球最易受累。我科收治1例甲醇中毒的患者,经过积极抢救和护理,治愈出院。现将护理体会介绍如下。
Drinking large amounts of bad alcohol, which contains more methanol (over 0.12%) or water with methanol, can cause acute poisoning and even death. Methanol in the human body is oxidized to formic acid or formaldehyde, and produce a large number of oxidation products, destroy the oxidation of cells, hinder the formation of CO2, resulting in lactic acid and β-hydroxybutyric acid, causing acidosis. The nervous system and eyeballs are the most affected. I received 1 case of carotenoid poisoning patients, after active rescue and care, cured and discharged. The nursing experience is introduced below.