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在简介环境压力与经济发展退耦理论的基础上,以重庆都市区为例,构建环境压力与经济发展耦合的PSR框架,应用退耦分析方法建立环境压力与经济发展退耦的指标体系,并对1996—2007年重庆都市区环境压力与经济发展退耦状态及趋势进行了评价。结果显示:①在相邻年度间各指标退耦比较普遍,相对和绝对退耦发生率达88%,但退耦程度在指标间和时间上有明显差异,各指标退耦指数在-4.990 6~4.887 8之间波动,且2000年以后退耦更明显;②2007年与1996年比较,综合退耦指数达0.845 3,呈明显的相对退耦状态,而且在1996—2007年间综合退耦持续发生;③评价结论符合重庆都市区环境状况与经济发展的客观实际,将退耦分析作为环境压力评价的方法论具有重要的实践意义。
Based on a brief introduction of the theory of decoupling between environmental pressure and economic development, taking Chongqing metropolitan area as an example, this paper constructs a PSR framework that is coupled with environmental pressure and economic development, and uses decoupling analysis method to establish an index system decoupled from environmental pressure and economic development. The decoupling status and trend of environmental pressure and economic development in Chongqing metropolitan area from 1996 to 2007 were evaluated. The results show that: (1) The decoupling of each index is relatively common in adjacent years, the relative and absolute decoupling rate is 88%, but the decoupling degree has significant difference between the index and time, the decoupling index of each index is between -4.9906 ~ 4.887 8, and the decoupling after 2000 is more obvious. (2) Compared with 1996, the decoupling index reached 0.845 3 in 2007, showing a relative decoupling state, and the decoupling continued to occur during 1996-2007 ; ③ The conclusions of the assessment are in line with the objective reality of environmental conditions and economic development in Chongqing metropolitan area. It is of important practical significance to use the decoupling analysis as the methodology for environmental stress assessment.