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拟于 2 0 0 5年建立的美洲自由贸易区与拉丁美洲一体化来源于完全不同的思想理论。拉美一体化来源于玻利瓦尔主义、普雷维什主义和开放的地区主义 ,其目标是联合自强 ,实现发展。美洲自由贸易区思想来自美国的门罗主义和泛美主义思想体系 ,其目的在于维护美国在西半球的利益。美洲自由贸易区的建立既可给拉美国家带来利益效应 ,又可在一定程度上推动拉美一体化的发展与深化 ,同时 ,它也会给拉美国家带来很多负面影响 :一是美洲自由贸易区内中心—外围模式所固有的矛盾依然会存在 ;二是美洲自由贸易区内美国的利己目的会对拉美经济产生消极作用 ;三是集体对付国际金融风险 ;四是美洲自由贸易区内既存在南北矛盾 ,又存在南南矛盾 ,还存在区域一体化之间的矛盾与冲突。解决这些问题的关键在于加强南北对话和南南合作 ,使美拉在合作中向平等互利的方向发展。
The integration of the Free Trade Area of the Americas to Latin America, to be established in 2005, derives from a completely different kind of ideology. Latin American integration comes from Bolivarianism, Prebischism and open regionalism. Its goal is to unite itself and develop. The idea of the Free Trade Area of the Americas comes from the Monroean and Pan-American ideological system in the United States, which aims to safeguard the interests of the United States in the western hemisphere. The establishment of the free trade area of the Americas not only brings about the benefit effect to Latin American countries, but also to some extent promotes the development and deepening of Latin American integration. At the same time, it will also bring many negative effects to Latin American countries: First, the free trade of the Americas The contradictions inherent in the center-periphery model of the region still exist; second, the self-serving purpose of the United States in the Free Trade Area of the Americas will have a negative effect on the Latin American economy; third, collective efforts will be made to deal with the international financial risks; fourth, there are both existing in the Free Trade Area of the Americas There are also contradictions between South and North and South-South conflicts as well as conflicts and conflicts among the regional integration. The key to solving these problems lies in strengthening North-South dialogue and South-South cooperation so that the United States will develop in the direction of equality and mutual benefit during the cooperation.