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目的探讨胡桃夹现象的临床意义及与儿童血尿的关系。方法正常儿童组（无血尿组）１８例，肾性血尿组１６例，非肾性血尿组３９例。全部使用腹部Ｂ超测定左肾静脉（ＬＲＶ）不同段内径值（ｃｍ）。血尿组均观察尿红细胞（ＲＢＣ）形态，非肾性血尿组测２４ｈ尿钙定量。结果各组均存在ＬＲＶ受压现象，阳性率分别为５．６％（１／１８），６．３％（１／１６），１７．９％（７／３９）。９例ＬＲＶ内径值在腹主动脉（ＡＯ）前方为０．２１±０．０６，在ＡＯ左侧为０．６２±０．０７，ＬＲＶ比率３．２３±０．７７，＞２．０。尿ＲＢＣ形态１例为肾性ＲＢＣ，１例２４ｈ尿钙定量超过正常。结论胡桃夹现象不仅是儿童非肾性血尿的重要原因，而且可见于正常儿童中，可与引起儿童血尿的其他病因并存。应重视与胡桃夹现象并存病因的检出及治疗。
Objective To investigate the clinical significance of Nutcracker phenomenon and its relationship with hematuria in children. Methods Normal children (hematuria group) 18 cases, renal hematuria group 16 cases, non-renal hematuria group 39 cases. Abdominal B-ultrasound was used to measure the internal diameter (cm) of different segments of the left renal vein (LRV). Hematuria group were observed urine red blood cells (RBC) morphology, non-renal hematuria 24 h urine calcium quantitative. Results There was LRV compression in all groups. The positive rates were 5.6% (1/18), 6.3% (1/16) and 17.9% (7/39) respectively. The diameter of LRV in 9 cases was 0.21 ± 0.06 in front of the abdominal aorta (AO), 0.62 ± 0.07 in left side of AO, and the ratio of LRV was 3.23 ± 0.77 and> 2.0. Urine RBC morphology 1 case of renal RBC, 1 case 24h urinary calcium than normal. Conclusion Nutcracker phenomenon is not only an important cause of non-renal hematuria in children, but also can be found in normal children, which can coexist with other causes of hematuria in children. Should attach importance to the phenomenon of coexistence with nutcracker detection and treatment.