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目前,有关塔吊的安装说明书中,对于塔吊基础部分,主要提供轨道式基础和整体平台式混凝土基础两种作法及标准图。作为塔吊基础的混凝土支撑桩(以下简称塔基桩),至今没有标准作法,但已经在许多施工现场得到应用,其主要原因是:(1)塔吊底架和支腿组装后安装在四个塔基桩顶(桩帽)上,然后再在底架上安装塔身标准节(图1)。塔吊荷载由四条腿传递至桩身,受力明确,塔基桩基本上受垂直力和水平力,水平力由桩顶连系梁传递。(2)塔基桩省去了整体平台式混凝土基础。(3)有时为了充分利用塔吊回转半径,又要保证基坑放坡用地,可利用
At present, in the installation instructions for tower cranes, for the basic part of tower cranes, there are mainly two methods and standard diagrams for rail-type foundations and integrated platform-type concrete foundations. As a foundation tower concrete support pile (hereinafter referred to as tower foundation pile), there is no standard practice, but has been applied in many construction sites, the main reasons are: (1) tower crane base and legs assembled after installation in the four towers On the pile top (pillar), the tower standard section (Figure 1) is then installed on the base frame. The tower crane load is transmitted from the four legs to the pile body, the force is clear, the tower pile is basically subjected to vertical force and horizontal force, and the horizontal force is transmitted by the pile top connecting beam. (2) Tower foundation piles eliminate the integral platform type concrete foundation. (3) In order to make full use of the slewing radius of the tower crane, it is also necessary to ensure the land for slope pitting.