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在日本大坂进行了以人群为基础的环境因素与肺癌关系的追踪研究，研究对象为24489名年龄在40岁以上的居民。基本调查了1985年开始，以调查对象本人所填写的问卷为基础，在已进行的10年追踪中，有161例为新发现的肺癌病例（男120，女41）。分析了各种环境因素与肺癌的关系，结果发现吸烟与肺癌有病因学联系（目前吸烟者男性的RR＝5.72，95％CI＝2．5～13．08，女性的RR。2．05，95％CI=0.97～4.32）。其他的环境因素除了男性饮用咖啡的RR值略高（aRR＝2．02，95％CI＝1.34～3．05）和女性食用黄绿色蔬菜RR值有所降低（aRR＝0．47，95％CI＝0.23~0.94）外．其他均无统计学意义。
A follow-up study on the relationship between population-based environmental factors and lung cancer was conducted in Osaka, Japan. The study population was 24,489 residents aged 40 years and over. The basic survey began in 1985. Based on the questionnaires filled out by the respondents, there were 161 new cases of lung cancer (120 males and 41 females) during the 10-year follow-up period. The relationship between various environmental factors and lung cancer was analyzed. It was found that there was an etiologic link between smoking and lung cancer (currently, the RR of smokers was 5.72, 95% CI was 2.5 to 13.08, and the RR of women was 2.05. 95% CI = 0.97 to 4.32). Other environmental factors were slightly higher than those of men who drank coffee (aRR=2.02, 95%CI=1.34 to 3.05) and RR values of yellow-green vegetables for women (aRR=0.47, 95%). CI=0.23~0.94) outside. No other statistically significant.