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目的 :了解高龄患者医院获得性肺炎的临床特点 ,病原菌分布情况及探讨预防措施。方法 :对 85例高龄医院内获得性肺炎患者进行回顾性分析。结果 :最常见的基础病依次为脑血管意外 ( 35 2 % ) ,恶性肿瘤 ( 2 9 4% ) ,腹部外科手术后 ( 14 1% ) ,诱发因素多为长期卧床不能活动 ,长期使用激素 ,气管插管及气管切开 ,使用抗生素不合理。主要病原菌为G-杆菌 ,其中以铜绿假单胞菌及大肠埃希氏菌为主 ,其次为真菌感染。结论 :高龄患者抵抗力低下 ,基础病多 ,不合理使用抗生素 ,是造成医院感染和影响预后的主要因素。医护人员应加强消毒隔离管理和采取相应的防范措施
Objective : To understand the clinical characteristics of hospital acquired pneumonia in elderly patients, the distribution of pathogens and to explore preventive measures. Methods: A retrospective analysis of 85 patients with advanced hospital acquired pneumonia was performed. Results: The most common underlying diseases were cerebrovascular accidents (35 2%), malignant tumors (29%), and abdominal surgery (14%). The precipitating factors were mostly long-term inability to stay in bed, long-term use of hormones, Tracheal intubation and tracheotomy, the use of antibiotics is unreasonable. The main pathogens were G-bacilli, of which Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Escherichia coli were the main ones, followed by fungal infections. Conclusion : Older patients with low resistance, basic diseases, and unreasonable use of antibiotics are the main factors causing nosocomial infection and affecting prognosis. Medical staff should strengthen disinfection and isolation management and take corresponding preventive measures