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为探讨绿色表面活性剂烷基糖苷(APG)和单烷基磷酸酯钾盐(MAPK)在3%甲氨基阿维菌素苯甲酸盐(简称甲维盐)微乳剂中的应用,以传统表面活性剂辛基酚聚氧乙烯醚(OP-10)和壬基酚聚氧乙烯醚磷酸酯(NP-10P)作对照,在运用拟三元相图法确定最佳复配比例的基础上,比较了MAPK/APG复配体系和NP-10P/OP-10复配体系对甲维盐的增溶作用;在表面活性剂总质量分数为10%及最佳复配比例下,分别采用2种表面活性剂复配体系制备了技术质量指标符合标准的3%甲维盐微乳剂,并测定了其对小菜蛾Plutella xylostella的生物活性;就绿色表面活性剂和传统表面活性剂对环境的安全性(对水生生物的安全性和生物降解性)进行了比较。结果表明:在最佳复配比例下,MAPK/APG[m(MAPK)∶m(APG)=2∶1]的表面活性及对甲维盐的增溶能力均低于NP-10P/OP-10[m(NP-10P)∶m(OP-10)=1∶2];用2种表面活性剂复配体系制备的微乳剂对小菜蛾的生物活性无明显差异;4种表面活性剂对斑马鱼和大型溞的毒性趋势相似——APG毒性最小,MAPK和NP-10P的毒性相当,OP-10毒性最大;28 d后APG、MAPK、NP-10P和OP-10的生物降解率分别为61.5%、49.7%、17.9%和15.0%,MAPK和APG的生物降解率明显高于NP-10P和OP-10。表明绿色表面活性剂APG和MAPK在农药制剂领域具有较好的开发应用前景。
In order to investigate the application of green surfactant alkyl glycoside (APG) and monoalkyl phosphate potassium salt (MAPK) in the microemulsion of 3% emamectin benzoate, The surfactant octylphenol polyoxyethylene ether (OP-10) and nonylphenol polyoxyethylene ether phosphate (NP-10P) as a control, the use of quasi-ternary phase diagram method to determine the optimal composition ratio , The solubilization of MAP was compared between MAPK / APG complex and NP-10P / OP-10 complex system. When the total surfactant concentration was 10% and the optimum compounding ratio was 2 Surfactant complex system was prepared to meet the standard technical quality indicators methotrexate 3% microemulsion, and its bioactivity to Plutella xylostella was determined. On the environmental safety of the green surfactant and the traditional surfactant Sexuality (safety and biodegradability of aquatic organisms) were compared. The results showed that the surface activity of MAPK / APG [m (MAPK): m (APG) = 2: 1] 10 [m (NP-10P): m (OP-10) = 1: 2]. There was no significant difference in the biological activity of the microemulsions prepared with the two surfactant complex systems against Plutella xylostella. The four surfactant pairs The toxicity trend of zebrafish and macroptera was similar - APG had the least toxicity, MAPK and NP-10P had the same toxicity and OP-10 had the highest toxicity. The biodegradation rates of APG, MAPK, NP-10P and OP- 61.5%, 49.7%, 17.9% and 15.0% respectively. The biodegradation rates of MAPK and APG were significantly higher than those of NP-10P and OP-10. It shows that the green surfactants APG and MAPK have good prospects of development and application in the field of pesticide formulations.