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针对区域交通网络与城市交通网络在客运需求结构和市场化程度方面的差异,研究竞争条件下区域客运通道市场均衡状态的预测方法。依据区域交通网络需求特征,构建双层结构博弈模型研究区域客运通道市场内部运行机理。上层是运输方式间完全信息动态博弈,下层为各类出行者广义纳什博弈,模型包括票价、服务频率以及运输工具定员等决策变量对运输方式成本、收益及出行者效用的影响,同时反映出行者决策对运输方式策略的调整作用。算法以最优化理论为基础求解上层博弈的纳什均衡,并将下层博弈等价为一个变分不等式,用对角化算法得到广义纳什均衡,最后通过迭代得到整个模型的近似均衡。以京沪客运通道为例验证模型性能,结果表明:京沪间高速铁路运营将使旅客出行总成本降低,尤其对时间价值较高的旅客;模型较好地模拟运输方式与出行者相互作用的动态过程,为区域交通规划及设计运输产品提供参考。
Aiming at the difference between regional traffic network and urban traffic network in passenger demand structure and marketization degree, this paper studies the prediction method of equilibrium state of regional passenger transportation corridor under competitive conditions. According to the demand characteristics of regional transportation network, a two-layer structure game model is constructed to study the internal operation mechanism of regional passenger transportation channel market. The upper layer is a dynamic game of complete information between modes of transport. The lower layer is a generalized Nash game for all types of travelers. The model includes the influence of fare, frequency of service and decision variables such as the capacity of vehicles on the cost of transportation, revenue and the utility of travelers. Decision-making mode of transport strategy to adjust the role. The algorithm solves the Nash equilibrium of the upper-level game based on the optimization theory, and the lower-level game is equivalent to a variational inequality. The diagonalization algorithm is used to obtain the generalized Nash equilibrium. Finally, the approximate equilibrium of the whole model is obtained through iteration. Taking the Beijing-Shanghai passenger transport corridor as an example, the performance of the model is verified. The results show that the total cost of passenger travel between Beijing-Shanghai high-speed railways will be reduced, especially for travelers with higher time value. The model better simulates the interaction between transport modes and travelers Dynamic process, provide reference for regional traffic planning and design of transportation products.