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车身受到损坏时,首先确定变形出现在什么地方。车身一般设计成在前部和后部有能够吸收能量的变形区,因此在这一区域内要有能承力的翻边及有意设置的断面薄弱区,以保证尽可能有利的变形状态(图1)。撞击能量主要由这个变形区吸收,车架只有很少量的变形。车身侧面受撞击时,除了吸收能量能力不大的车门外,再没有别的变形区。在这种情况下冲击能量直接由车架承受,因此它的变形是相当大的。通常情况下,撞击方向偏离汽车轴线或与汽车轴线成一角度,所以车身往往出现混
When the body is damaged, first determine where the deformation occurs. The bodywork is generally designed to have deformation zones capable of absorbing energy at the front and at the rear, so there is a load-bearing flange and a weak area of intentionally set sections in this zone to ensure the most favorable deformation 1). Impact energy is mainly absorbed by this deformation zone, the frame has only a small amount of deformation. When the side of the body is hit by an impact, there is no other deformation zone except for the door that absorbs energy. In this case the impact energy is directly borne by the frame, so its deformation is quite large. Under normal circumstances, the impact direction off the car axis or with the car axis at an angle, so the body often appear mixed