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为估算松花江干流哈尔滨至同江段相距660 km的河冰厚度分布,用松花江干流短期实测水文和气象资料,在静态水域斯蒂芬冰厚计算公式基础上,引入水流流速的动能效应。假设河流内水流量相等,建立流速同河流宽度的简单关系,估算了一些调查断面的冰下平均流速;用地表温度资料,对干流域内缺少气象资料的调查断面,在证明结冰期间属于同一天气系统的前提下,用距离平方反比法进行空间插值。最后获得松花江干流河冰厚度统计关系式。用计算的哈尔滨至同江河冰厚度与有限的实测数据比较,发现该方法能够体现人为调节流速对冰生长速率的影响,对计算长距离河冰厚度具有一定精度。
In order to estimate the distribution of river ice thickness at a distance of 660 km from Harbin to Tongjiang section of the Songhua River, the hydrodynamic and meteorological data measured in the short term in Songhuajiang River are used to calculate the kinetic energy of water flow velocity based on the calculation formula of the static ice thickness. Assuming that the water flow in the river is equal, a simple relationship between the flow velocity and the width of the river is established, and the average velocity under the ice in some survey sections is estimated. Using the surface temperature data, the survey section lacking the meteorological data in the dry river basin belongs to the same weather Under the premise of system, using inverse distance square method for spatial interpolation. Finally, we get the statistical relation of the thickness of river ice in the Songhua River. Comparing the calculated ice thickness of Harbin with Tongjiang River with the limited measured data, it is found that this method can reflect the influence of artificially adjusted flow velocity on the ice growth rate, and has certain precision for calculating the thickness of long distance ice.