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水库移民问题的本质是利益分配问题,需要通过水电开发利益重分配加以解决。该文通过引入动态收益率评判指标,建立了水电开发利益分配数学模型,给出了实现目标收益率情况下移民补偿和水电上网电价的试算求解法以及不同边界条件下模型的拓展形式;应用建立的模型,对中国西南地区某大型水电项目进行了案例分析。研究结果表明:当前水库移民是各主要参与方中收益率最低的一方,开发企业和电网企业收益率处于居中位置,而地方投资企业收益率最高;该大型水电项目蕴含着巨大的水能资源经济租空间,完全具备调节移民补偿和水电电价的能力,证明了模型及结果的合理性。该文建立的利益分配模型丰富了移民补偿理论,成果和结论对移民工作和政策制定有指导意义。
The essence of reservoir resettlement problem is the problem of interest distribution, which needs to be solved through the redistribution of hydropower development benefits. By introducing the index of dynamic rate of return, this paper establishes the mathematical model of the profit distribution of hydropower development, and gives the tentative solution of resettlement compensation and hydropower feed-in price under the condition of target rate of return and the expansion mode of the model under different boundary conditions. Established a model, a case study of a large hydropower project in southwestern China. The results show that: the current reservoir resettlement is the lowest yield among all the major players, the rate of return of development enterprises and power grids is in the middle while the return rate of local investment enterprises is the highest; this large-scale hydropower project contains a huge hydropower resource economy Rent space, fully equipped to adjust the immigration compensation and water and electricity prices, proved the rationality of the model and the results. The model of interest distribution established in this paper enriches the theory of resettlement compensation. The results and conclusions are of guiding significance to the work and policy making of immigration.