高速导弹具有大气层内外作战、高速高加速、高精度光学探测等特点 ,特别是它在稠密大气层内高超声速飞行时 ,在红外探测窗口附近形成复杂的高超声速流场 ,带来严重的气动效应。文章首先介绍了光学侧窗口的主要技术指标要求和所面临的气动热环境 ,在此基础上对内冷、外冷效果进行了理论计算和风洞实验的验证。 High-speed missiles have the characteristics of internal and external combat in the atmosphere, high-speed and high-speed acceleration, and high-precision optical detection. Especially when it is in hypersonic flight in the dense atmosphere, a complex hypersonic flow field is formed near the infrared detection window, causing serious aerodynamic effects. Firstly, the paper introduces the main technical index of optical side-window and the aerodynamic thermal environment that it faces. Based on this, theoretical calculation and wind tunnel experiment are carried out to verify the effect of internal cooling and external cooling.