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目的 :了解青霉素类口服制剂的安全性问题。方法 :收集近 5年国内有关青霉素类口服制剂所致过敏性休克的文献进行分析。结果 :青霉素类口服制剂所致过敏性休克 2 0例 ,其中青霉素V钾片引起 8例 ,阿莫西林引起 8例 ,氨苄西林 4例。2 0例过敏性休克患者经抢救 18例恢复 ,2例抢救无效死亡。结论 :青霉素类口服制剂首次口服前应当做皮试 ,对有青霉素过敏史患者禁用 ;高敏体质患者应慎用。
Objective: To understand the safety of penicillin oral preparations. Methods: The domestic literatures about allergic shock caused by penicillin oral preparations in recent 5 years were collected. Results: Twenty cases of anaphylactic shock caused by penicillin oral preparations were induced, including 8 cases of penicillin V potassium tablets, 8 cases of amoxicillin and 4 cases of ampicillin. Twenty patients with anaphylactic shock were rescued by eighteen patients and two patients died without rescue. Conclusion: The oral preparation of penicillin should be used as skin test before oral administration for the first time, disabled in patients with history of penicillin allergy. Patients with hypersensitivity should be used with caution.