《故乡》中的人称运用是作者构思链条中的重要一环,其方法多种多样,值得学习借鉴。一折射法鲁迅给笔下的杨二嫂取绰号“豆腐西施”,就具有多个折射点。“西施”属借喻,喻其俏丽;“豆腐”代豆腐店属借代,而“豆腐”之白与这位“西施”脸上施粉之白相通,又属双关。“豆腐西施”这一绰号所折射的丰富内蕴还在于:绝代美人“西施”居然开豆腐店,确实发人深思——从天姿丽质沦为招徕生意的广告透视她人格上的受屈辱、被损害,透视农村经济的破产和小市民阶层的日益困窘。 The use of the person in “Hometown” is an important link in the author’s conception chain. Its methods are various and worth studying. A refracting method Lu Xun’s nickname “Yufu Xishi” for Yang Er-ying in his pen has several refraction points. “Xishi” is a metaphor and Yu is pretty; “Tofu” is a substitute for the tofu shop, and the “tofu” white is the same as the “Xishi.” The rich intrigue reflected by the nickname “Tofu Shih Tzu” also stands in the way: The “beauty siren” “Xi Shi” actually opened a tofu shop, which actually made people think deeply – she was humiliated from the perspective of the advertisements of Tian Zi Li Zhi’s business advertisements. Being damaged, the bankruptcy of the rural economy and the growing embarrassment of the ranks of the small townspeople are scrutinized.