党的十五大以来,学术界很多学者对按劳分配与按生产要素分配相结合的有关问题作了比较深入的研讨。本文试就研讨中的主要观点作一综述。一、按劳分配与按生产要素分配的关系按劳分配与按生产要素分配二者既有联系又有区别。二者的区别:一种观点认为,二者有六点区别:一是分配依据不同。按劳分配是按现在劳动分配,按生产要素分配是按现在劳动和过去劳动分配。二是分配主体不同。按劳分配是社会对劳动者分配;按要素分配是企业对劳动者分配。三是分配尺度不同。按劳分配是按劳动的数量和质量分配,按要素分配则是按各类要素的边际效率分配。四是通行范围不同。按劳分配通过对劳动的计量作为同一标准贯彻全社会,按要素分配则通过更多地带有集体所有制因素的各企 Since the 15th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, many scholars in the academic field have conducted in-depth discussions on the related issues of the distribution according to work and the distribution according to factors of production. This paper tries to summarize the main points in the discussion. First, the distribution according to work and according to the distribution of factors of production According to work distribution and distribution according to the factors of production both the existing and the difference. The difference between the two: A view that the two have six differences: First, the basis for the different distribution. Distribution according to work is based on the current distribution of labor, according to the distribution of factors of production according to the present labor and the past labor distribution. Second, different distribution of the main. Distribution according to work is the distribution of workers to society; distribution according to factors is the distribution of workers to workers. Third, the distribution of different scales. The distribution according to work is based on the quantity and quality of labor. According to the distribution of factors, the marginal efficiency of various factors is allocated. Fourth, the scope of traffic is different. The distribution of labor according to work is carried out through the measurement of labor as the same standard throughout the society, and by factor allocation, through more enterprises with collective ownership