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在建筑工程中采用传统的沥青油毡作为防水材料具有货源充足、价格便宜等优点,可以满足一般工程的防水要求。但是由于沥青油毡的施工操作条件比较恶劣(热施工、多层粘贴),延伸率较小(4—8%),重量较大(20—30公斤/平方米)抗裂性能较差,对温度变化比较敏感,对屋面基层伸缩或开裂的适应性不好,防水层容易出现流淌、起鼓、开裂、渗漏等质量问题,并且返修困难,严重影响工程的长期使用效果。因此,维修费用也很大。近二十年来,随着石油化工工业的发展,高分子合成材料不断涌现。日本、美国、苏联、西德、英国、法国等工业先进国家都在大力发展以各种合成高分子材料为主体的防水材料。据国外专家预测:今后防水
The use of traditional asphalt linoleum as a waterproof material in construction projects has the advantages of adequate supply and low price, and can meet the waterproof requirements of general engineering. However, due to the poor construction and operating conditions of asphalt linoleum (hot construction, multi-layer paste), the elongation is small (4-8%), the weight is larger (20-30 kg/m2), and the crack resistance is poor. The changes are more sensitive and have poor adaptability to the stretching or cracking of the roof layer of the roof. The waterproof layer is prone to quality problems such as run-off, drumming, cracking, and leakage, and is difficult to repair, seriously affecting the long-term use of the project. Therefore, maintenance costs are also very high. In the past two decades, with the development of the petrochemical industry, polymer synthetic materials have emerged. Japan, the United States, the Soviet Union, West Germany, the United Kingdom, France and other advanced industrial countries are all vigorously developing waterproof materials based on various synthetic polymer materials. According to foreign experts forecast: future waterproof