神经病理性疼痛是临床疼痛治疗的难点之一,由于其难治性,极大降低了患者的生活质量。因此,药物治疗神经病理性疼痛成为众多临床学者和患者所共同关注的问题。目前,抗抑郁药和抗癫痫药是药理学上研究最广泛的两种药物,它们代表了现今治疗神经病理性疼痛的一线药物。随着新一代的抗抑郁药和第二代抗癫痫药的研发,使得药物治疗神经病理性疼痛有了新的契机。本文就此两种药物的作用机制和治疗现状进行综述,旨在为神经病理性疼痛的临床治疗提供理论参考。 Neuropathic pain is one of the difficulties in the treatment of clinical pain, because of its refractory nature, greatly reducing the patient’s quality of life. Therefore, drug treatment of neuropathic pain has become a common concern of many clinicians and patients. At present, antidepressants and antiepileptic drugs are the two most pharmacologically studied drugs that represent the first-line drugs currently used to treat neuropathic pain. With the development of a new generation of antidepressants and second-generation antiepileptic drugs, new opportunities have emerged for the treatment of neuropathic pain. This review summarizes the mechanism of action and treatment status of these two drugs in order to provide a theoretical reference for the clinical treatment of neuropathic pain.