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目的:探讨德黑兰HIV患者眼部病变的发生频率及其特点。方法:采用横向研究,选取7个月间收录的141例(282眼,其中男性125例,女性16例)不同程度的HIV患者,每位患者拥有全部的个人资料,包括人口统计信息、HIV传播途径、最近CD4淋巴细胞计数、普通性/血源性病毒和弓形虫病的血清学研究、抗逆转录病毒治疗史以及相关的全身性疾病。结果:患者141例中,HIV涉及眼部病的为15例(10.6%),包括3例结核性脉络膜炎,2例巨细胞病毒性视网膜炎,2例单纯疱疹病毒相关病变,1例HIV相关的视网膜病变,1例眼带状疱疹,1例待定为玻璃体炎以及3例涉及颅神经损伤包括2例凝视麻痹和1例视乳头炎。CD4淋巴细胞计数在涉及眼部病变的患者中比没有涉及眼部病变的患者低(204.7±123.8vs403.7±339.7,P=0.029),但两组间其他相关因素没有差异。结论:在德黑兰,结核性脉络膜炎和神经性眼科疾病损伤是HIV患者最常见的眼部损伤,这与最近发表在发达国家的不一致。
Objective: To investigate the frequency and characteristics of ocular lesions in HIV patients in Tehran. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted to select 141 HIV patients (282 eyes, 125 males and 16 females) with different degrees of HIV infection in 7 months. Each patient had all the personal information including demographic information, HIV transmission Pathways, recent CD4 lymphocyte counts, serological studies of common / blood-borne viruses and toxoplasmosis, antiretroviral treatment history, and related systemic diseases. RESULTS: Among 141 patients, 15 (10.6%) were HIV-related ocular diseases including 3 tuberculous choroiditis, 2 cytomegalovirus retinitis, 2 herpes simplex virus-related lesions and 1 HIV-related Of retinopathy, 1 case of herpes zoster, 1 case of glaucoma to be determined and 3 cases of cranial nerve injury including 2 cases of staring paralysis and 1 case of papillitis. CD4 lymphocyte counts were lower in patients with ocular lesions than in those without ocular lesions (204.7 ± 123.8 vs. 403.7 ± 339.7, P = 0.029), but no other related factors were observed between the two groups. Conclusion: In Tehran, tuberculous choroiditis and neuropathic eye damage are the most common eye injuries in HIV patients, which is inconsistent with the recent publication in developed countries.