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由于聚苯胺(PANI)独特的质子酸掺杂机制,其在高pH值溶液中会发生去质子化过程,导致失去导电性和电化学活性,故普通PANI只有在酸性介质中(pH<4)才具有电化学氧化-还原活性,这成为PANI应用的一大障碍.为解决PANI在高pH值溶液中的“失活”问题,人们提出了各种各样的方法.从基于质子酸掺杂机理和基于电荷转移机理的两大解决途径入手,就提高PANI在高pH环境中电化学活性的方法进行了系统综述,重点评述了自掺杂、高分子酸掺杂和碳纳米管掺杂PANI的制备方法、电化学特性以及提高电化学活性的作用机制,并指出了提高PANI高pH环境下的电化学活性所存在的难点及今后的研究方向.
Due to the unique proton acid doping mechanism of polyaniline (PANI), its deprotonation occurs in high pH solution, leading to the loss of conductivity and electrochemical activity. Therefore, ordinary PANI is only in acidic media (pH <4) It has electrochemical oxidation - reduction activity, which PANI application has become a major obstacle to solve the PANI in high pH solution “inactivation ”, a variety of methods have been proposed from the proton-based acid Doping mechanism and charge transfer mechanism based on the two major solutions to start, to improve the electrochemical activity of PANI in high pH environment, a systematic review of the self-doping, polymer acid doping and carbon nanotube doping Preparation of hybrid PANI, electrochemical properties and the mechanism of improving electrochemical activity, and pointed out the difficulties in improving the electrochemical activity of PANI in high pH environment and the future research direction.