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在人类的载人航天活动中,近半数航天员会在其飞行的24~72 h内受到运动病的困扰。运动病可能对航天员的健康和安全造成威胁。同时,航天员在运动病期间工作能力上受到的限制会对飞行任务造成巨大影响,尤其是对短期飞行任务。个体化研究策略关注影响运动病发生发展中的个体化因素,对载人航天事业有着重要的应用意义。基于个体化特征的个体化治疗理念对于治疗和缓解运动病病症,指导临床治疗和康复策略方案的制定将具有重要的指导意义。本文回顾了航天运动病发生率及其生理改变特点并进行了评价,对后续的运动病个体化研究提出了建议。
Nearly half of the spacecraft in manned space activities are plagued by motion sickness within 24 to 72 hours of their flight. Motion sickness may pose a threat to the astronaut’s health and safety. At the same time, the restrictions on the ability of astronauts to work during sickness have a huge impact on missions, especially for short-term missions. Individualized research strategy focuses on individual factors that affect the occurrence and development of motion sickness, and has important practical significance for manned spaceflight. The concept of individualized treatment based on individualized features will be of great guiding significance for the treatment and alleviation of motion sickness diseases and for guiding the development of clinical treatment and rehabilitation strategies. In this paper, we review the characteristics of aeromedicine and their physiological changes and make some comments on them.