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地震沉积学是用地震方法研究沉积岩及其形成过程的学科,是继地震地层学、层序地层学之后的新兴边缘学科。利用分频解释、相位调整和地层切片等关键技术对四川盆地长兴组生物礁进行了地震沉积学研究。结果表明:利用分频技术能够建立研究区精细等时地层构架;经过相位调整后的地震数据使地震道近似于波阻抗剖面,可提高剖面的可解释性;地层切片技术与地震属性分析技术相结合比常规振幅和相位切片在描述生物礁的横向变化和展现不同的沉积特征方面更加有效。实例分析表明,地震沉积学在沉积相分析和生物礁预测方面具有独特的优势。
Seismic sedimentology is a discipline that studies the sedimentary rocks and their formation process by means of seismic methods. It is an emerging edge discipline after the seismogenetic and sequence stratigraphy. Seismic sedimentology of reefs in Changxing Formation in Sichuan Basin was studied using key techniques such as frequency division interpretation, phase adjustment and stratal slicing. The results show that the frequency division technique can be used to establish the fine isochronous stratigraphic framework in the study area. The phase-adjusted seismic data can make the seismic trace approximate to the wave impedance cross section, which can improve the interpretability of the profile. The combination of stratal slicing technique and seismic attribute analysis Than the conventional amplitude and phase slices in describing the lateral reef changes and to show different sedimentary characteristics more effective. Case studies show that seismic sedimentology has unique advantages in sedimentary facies analysis and reef reef prediction.