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目的分析浙江南部沿海地区肾综合征出血热(HFRS)、钩端螺旋体病(钩体病)等鼠传疾病流行情况,为实施防控策略提供科学依据。方法收集浙南沿海地区鼠传疾病疫情报告和监测资料,用Excel 2003软件对数据进行整理分析。结果浙南沿海地区是鼠传疾病老疫区,新中国成立以来曾报告鼠疫、HFRS、钩体病、斑疹伤寒和恙虫病等鼠传疾病,2004-2012年累计报告鼠传疾病165例,其中HFRS 113例,钩体病3例和恙虫病49例。鼠疫从1950年后进入静息期,无报告病例;从2011年开始疫情呈缓慢上升趋势;钩体病从20世纪60年代开始报告,发病率达445/10万,20世纪80年代后逐年下降,目前处于散发状态;20世纪50年代以来一直有恙虫病病例报告,近年来恙虫病报告病例呈增多趋势。1984年以来发现鼠形动物16种,其中褐家鼠、臭鼩鼱和黄胸鼠为优势种。结论浙南沿海地区适宜鼠传疾病动物宿主孳生繁殖,人口流动频繁,存在鼠传疾病流行暴发风险,应加强鼠传疾病综合监测积极防范鼠传疾病危害。
Objective To analyze the prevalence of rat-borne diseases such as hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) and leptospirosis (leptospirosis) in the southern coastal areas of Zhejiang Province, and provide a scientific basis for the implementation of prevention and control strategies. Methods The data of rodent disease outbreaks and surveillance in the coastal areas of southern Zhejiang were collected and analyzed with Excel 2003 software. Results The southern Zhejiang coastal area was the old area of rodent disease. Since the founding of New China, rat-borne diseases such as plague, HFRS, leptospirosis, typhus and scrub typhus have been reported. There were 165 rodents commonly reported in 2004-2012, There were 113 cases of HFRS, 3 cases of leptospirosis and 49 cases of tsutsugamushi disease. The plague entered a resting period after 1950, with no reported cases; the epidemic has been slowly rising since 2011; the incidence of leptospirosis has been reported at 445 / 100,000 since the 1960s and declined year by year after the 1980s , Is currently in the distribution state; since the 1950s there have been cases of scrub typhus, scrub typhus reported in recent years, the number of cases showed an increasing trend. Since 1984, 16 species of rodent animals have been found, of which Rattus norvegicus, Stinky Smecta and Rattus flavipectus are the dominant species. CONCLUSIONS: In the coastal areas of southern Zhejiang, animal hosts suitable for rodent-borne diseases breed and have frequent population movements. There is a risk of epidemic outbreaks of rodent diseases. Comprehensive surveillance of rodent diseases should be strengthened to actively prevent rodent-borne diseases.