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目的探讨急性白血病(AL)住院患者医院感染的临床特点,为临床抗生素的使用提供依据。方法对中山大学孙逸仙纪念医院血液内科176例初治AL住院患者完成2次标准化疗方案治疗的临床资料进行回顾性分析,对感染率、感染部位、病原体进行分析。结果例次感染率为47.7%;感染部位:肺部感染例数较多(33.0%);病原菌构成:167例感染中分离出51株病原菌,其中革兰阴性菌27株(52.9%),革兰阳性菌13株(25.5%),真菌11株(21.6%)。结论 AL患者化疗后医院感染率较高,以呼吸道感染居多,革兰阴性菌较多,其次为革兰阳性菌、真菌。
Objective To investigate the clinical characteristics of nosocomial infection in hospitalized patients with acute leukemia (AL) and provide the basis for the clinical use of antibiotics. Methods A retrospective analysis was performed on the clinical data of 176 patients with newly diagnosed AL inpatients who received 2 standard chemotherapy regimens in the Department of Hematology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University. The infection rate, infection site and pathogens were analyzed. Results The infection rate was 47.7%. The infected area was more frequently infected with pulmonary infection (33.0%). Pathogenic bacteria: 51 pathogens were isolated from 167 infections, of which 27 (52.9%) were Gram-negative bacteria, 13 (25.5%) were positive for Langerhans and 11 (21.6%) were for fungi. Conclusions After chemotherapy, AL patients have higher rates of nosocomial infections, mostly respiratory infections, more gram-negative bacteria, followed by gram-positive bacteria and fungi.