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通过野外对黄河晋陕峡谷段的调查研究,在柳林段两河口村三川河支流沟口内发现了疑似全新世古洪水滞流沉积物剖面。将采集的沉积学样品在实验室进行磁化率、烧失量、碳酸钙和粒度成分的测试分析可知,它们是黄河悬移质泥沙在高水位滞流环境下的沉积物。本文采用古水文学方法恢复了洪峰水位,采用比降-面积法水文模型推算出其洪峰流量介于48190~52259 m3s-1之间,通过与晋陕峡谷其他地点的结果对比,证明采用古洪水SWD厚度与含沙量关系法恢复洪峰水位、推求出的洪峰流量数据比较可靠。并且根据2012年大洪水洪痕指示的洪峰水位,采用同样的水文参数和方法,恢复其洪峰流量,其结果与实测数据误差较小,也表明该断面古洪水洪峰流量的恢复结果是可靠的。该研究成果丰富了黄河流域古洪水水文学研究的资料,对于黄河晋陕峡谷水资源开发、防洪减灾具有重要的科学意义。
Through the field investigation of the Yellow River in Shanxi-Shaanxi gorge section, the section of the suspected Holocene pale flood stagnant sediment was found in the tributary of Sanchuan River in Lianghekou Village, Liulin Section. Sediment samples collected in the laboratory magnetic susceptibility, loss on ignition, calcium carbonate and particle size of the test analysis shows that they are suspended sediment of the Yellow River sediment in the high water level stagnation environment. In this paper, the flood level was restored by palaeo-hydrological method. The peak-flow rate was calculated to be between 48190 and 52259 m3 s-1 by using the hydrological model of specific gravity drop-area method. Comparing with the results of other places in Jin-Shan Canyon, Relationship between SWD thickness and sediment concentration To recover the crest water level, the crest value of the crest-flow data is more reliable. Based on the flood peak indicated by the Flood Flood Mark in 2012, the same hydrological parameters and methods were used to recover the peak flow. The results show little error with the measured data, which also shows that the restoration of flood peak flood discharge in this section is reliable. The research results have enriched the data of paleo-flood hydrology research in the Yellow River Basin and have important scientific significance for water resources development and flood control and disaster reduction of the Yellow River in Shanxi and Shaanxi Gorge.