论文部分内容阅读
本文使用第三次工业普查的75万家企业数据,通过估计四个行业112个产业的生产函数,研究制造业的集聚经济特征、产业最优集聚规模及集聚水平的内生性问题。结果表明:集聚经济的存在形式为市级范围的本地化经济,省级范围的城市化经济虽然存在,但实际影响很小;企业层面规模报酬递减说明集聚经济更可能来源于城市经济理论所强调的技术外部性;随着集聚规模的上升,集聚经济呈先升后降的“倒U型”变化,各产业存在一个集聚效应最大化的最优集聚规模,但实际集聚规模普遍远小于最优集聚规模;与最优集聚规模相对应,以指数衡量的产业集聚水平也具有内生性。
In this paper, we use the data of 750,000 enterprises in the third industrial survey to study the endogenous problems of the characteristics of the agglomeration economy, the optimal agglomeration scale and the agglomeration level in manufacturing industry by estimating the production functions of 112 industries in the four industries. The results show that the existence form of agglomeration economy is the localized economy at the municipal level, while the urbanization economy at the provincial level, though existing, has little practical impact. The diminishing returns to scale at the firm level suggest that the agglomeration economy is more likely to come from the urban economic theory As the scale of agglomeration increases, the agglomeration economy has the tendency of “inverted U-shape” which firstly and then decreases. There exists an optimal agglomeration scale that maximizes the agglomeration effect in all industries, but the actual agglomeration scale is generally far less than The optimal agglomeration scale; corresponding to the optimal agglomeration scale, the level of industrial agglomeration measured by index is also endogenous.