20世纪70年代澳大利亚兴起了两个边缘批冰流派——土著文学与移民文学批评。从70年代到90年代初这20年的时间里,这两个流派相继涌现出了一批极具代表性的批评家和大量的文学成果,但90年代后,批评家在澳大利亚右翼势力的打压下愤然离开,批评流派也由此陨落。澳大利亚土著文学与移民文学批评的发展和陨落代表着澳大利亚社会由开放自由走向了封闭保守,批评流派的陨落也标志着澳大利亚多元化主义政策走向了失败。 In the 1970s, two marginal ice-melting schools emerged in Australia - indigenous literary and immigrant literary criticism. During the 20 years from the 1970s to the early 1990s, a great number of representative critics and a lot of literary achievements emerged in these two schools. However, after the 1990s, critics were suppressed by the right-wing forces in Australia Angrily left to criticize the school also fell. The development and decline of Australian indigenous literary and immigrant literary criticisms represent the closed and conservative society of the Australian society. The fall of critical schools also marks the failure of the pluralistic Australian policy.