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为明确不同发育阶段小麦赤霉病菌对甾醇生物合成抑制剂类(SBIs)杀菌剂的敏感性差异及杀菌剂的作用方式,对4种SBIs类杀菌剂进行了室内毒力测定及田间药效试验。室内毒力测定结果表明:不同发育阶段小麦赤霉病菌对4种SBIs类药剂的敏感性存在较大差异,其敏感性由高到低依次为菌丝生长阶段和产孢阶段>芽管伸长阶段>孢子萌发阶段;其中,戊唑醇对菌丝生长、产孢、芽管伸长和孢子萌发阶段的EC50值分别为0.686、0.191、3.532和3.825μg/m L,咪鲜胺分别为0.063、0.305、0.827和36.581μg/m L,苯醚甲环唑分别为0.873、3.659、5.687和79.465μg/m L,烯唑醇分别为1.961、33.658、41.881和54.986μg/m L。显微观察4种SBIs类杀菌剂对小麦赤霉病菌菌丝生长和孢子萌发形态的影响,发现杀菌剂处理后菌丝末端分枝增多,新生菌丝伸长受阻,菌丝体局部膨大,有时可见菌丝及芽管的消解。田间试验结果表明:用量为有效成分100 g/hm2的戊唑醇、200 g/hm2的咪鲜胺和200 g/hm2的苯醚甲环唑对小麦赤霉病的保护效果为77.15%~79.26%,治疗效果为70.64%~72.77%,于发病前后使用均可有效防治该病害。
To determine the sensitivity of Fusarium graminearum to sterol biosynthesis inhibitors (SBIs) at different developmental stages and the mode of action of fungicides, four kinds of SBIs fungicides were tested for indoor toxicity and field efficacy . The results of indoor toxicity test showed that the sensitivity of Fusarium graminearum to four SBIs at different developmental stages was quite different. The sensitivity of desiccation stage was hypha growth phase and sporulation phase> germ tube elongation Stage> stage of spore germination. EC50 values of tebuconazole on mycelial growth, sporulation, germinated tube elongation and spore germination were 0.686, 0.191, 3.532 and 3.825 μg / m L, respectively, and prochloraz were 0.063 , 0.305, 0.827 and 36.581 μg / mL respectively, difenoconazole was 0.873, 3.659, 5.687 and 79.465 μg / mL, respectively, and diniconazole was 1.961, 33.658, 41.881 and 54.986 μg / mL respectively. The effects of four SBIs fungicides on the mycelial growth and spore germination of Fusarium graminearum were observed microscopically. It was found that the mycelium increased after the fungicide was treated, the growth of new hyphae was blocked and the mycelium was partially enlarged. Visible mycelium and germ tube digestion. Field experiments showed that the protective effect of tebuconazole at 200 g / hm2 and difenoconazole at 200 g / hm2 on wheat scab was 77.15% -79.26 at the dosage of 100 g / hm2 %, The treatment effect of 70.64% ~ 72.77%, before and after the onset of the disease can be effectively used to control the disease.