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中国戏曲是中国本土汉民族传统的戏剧形态。乾隆五十五年以徽班进京为契机,逐步形成的新兴戏曲剧种——京剧,逐渐取得全国性影响,成为20世纪至今中国戏曲的代表。中国戏曲于长期演化过程中不断受到外族文化影响。但截至清中叶以前,所有外部文化元素均被吸收成为戏曲文化整体之有机组成部分,形成了一整套适合于中国本土环境的戏剧文化模式。作为中国戏曲代表性样式的京剧,在整个20世纪至今的发展过程中,其内部文化构成也呈现出动态的多元性。而其中本土文化传统从早期的占据决定地位,到最终处于没落状态,提示了京剧自身文化选择的迷失过程。这一过程的形成原因,很大程度上与19世纪中后期开始并贯穿整个20世纪的西方文化的全面影响有着不可分割的关系。
Chinese opera is a traditional Chinese drama of Han nationality. Fifty-five years of Qianlong emblem classes into Beijing as an opportunity, the gradual formation of opera drama - Peking Opera, gradually gaining national influence, as the twentieth century since the representative of Chinese opera. Chinese opera has been continuously influenced by foreign cultures in the long-term evolutionary process. However, until the middle of the Qing dynasty, all the external cultural elements were absorbed into the organic whole of the opera culture, forming a complete set of drama and cultural patterns suitable for the Chinese local environment. As a representative style of Chinese opera, Peking Opera has shown its dynamic internal diversity in the development of the whole 20th century till now. Among them, the local cultural tradition occupies a decisive position from the early stage and finally declines, which indicates the lost process of Peking Opera’s own cultural choice. The reason for the formation of this process is largely inseparable from the overall impact of Western culture, which began in the mid-to-late 19th century and runs through the entire 20th century.