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实验考察了NaOH的质量分数、液固质量比、提取温度及时间等对小麦秸秆失重率的影响,并用硝酸-乙醇溶液进一步提取秸秆纤维素,结果显示采用质量分数为10%的NaOH溶液以12:1的液固比在100℃下蒸煮秸秆粉末90 min,小麦秸秆的失重率最大。通过红外光谱、X-射线衍射、扫描电子显微镜以及静态接触角测量仪对得到的秸秆纤维素进行结构表征与性能测定,表明秸秆粉中的纤维素被充分提取,其表面粗糙,与去离子水的接触角为15.9°,这可使其用于后续接枝反应时与试剂的接触面积有所增加。
The effect of mass fraction of NaOH, mass ratio of liquid to solid, extraction temperature and time on the weight loss of wheat straw was investigated experimentally. The cellulose of straw was further extracted with nitric acid-ethanol solution. The results showed that NaOH solution with mass fraction of 10% : 1 liquid-solid ratio at 100 ℃ cooking straw powder 90 min, the weight loss rate of wheat straw the largest. The structure and characterization of straw cellulose obtained by infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy and static contact angle measuring instrument showed that the cellulose in straw powder was fully extracted, the surface was rough, and deionized water Has a contact angle of 15.9 °, which allows for an increased contact area with the reagent for subsequent grafting reactions.