在美国 ,只有两个科研机构的领导人是由总统任命 ,并且自己有权进行授权 ,其预算要经国会批准。这两个机构之一就是美国标准技术研究院（ＮＩＳＴ）。ＮＩＳＴ作为美国商业部的技术管理部门 ,它的建立是为了加强美国的经济并提高生活的质量 ,与工业部门共同工作来开发和应用技 In the United States, only the heads of two research institutes are appointed by the president and they themselves have the authority to authorize and their budget is subject to the approval of the Diet. One of the two agencies is the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST). NIST, the technology management unit of the U.S. Department of Commerce, was established to strengthen the economy and improve the quality of life in the United States, working with industry to develop and apply technology