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开发生物质能对缓解化石燃料的日益短缺和环境污染问题具有重要意义,目前研究热点为生物质气化、液化、燃烧、热解、制取氢气和酒精等清洁燃料。对于燃料乙醇,预处理是纤维素原料水解工艺中一个重要课题。通过预处理可除去木质素,溶解半纤维素,或破坏纤维素的晶体结构,从而增大其可接近表面,提高水解产率。酶水解产物转化率很大程度上要依赖预处理的效果,采用“碱法”和“耦合法”对沙柳进行预处理实验,并与传统的“干法”进行了对比。实验表明这2种方法的效果良好。燃料乙醇的生产,不仅解决了能源危机,还对环境大气污染起到了缓解作用。
The development of biomass energy is of great importance to alleviating the growing shortage of fossil fuels and environmental pollution. At present, research interests are biomass gasification, liquefaction, combustion, pyrolysis, and the production of clean fuels such as hydrogen and alcohol. For fuel ethanol, pretreatment is an important issue in the hydrolysis of cellulose raw materials. Pretreatment removes lignin, dissolves hemicellulose, or destroys the crystalline structure of cellulose, increasing its accessible surface and increasing hydrolysis yield. The conversion rate of enzymatic hydrolyzate depends largely on the effect of pretreatment. Pretreatment of Salix psammophila with “alkali method” and “coupling method” was carried out and compared with the traditional “dry method” Compared. Experiments show that these two methods work well. The production of fuel ethanol has not only solved the energy crisis, but also mitigated the environmental air pollution.