在建国前期市场史的研究中仍存在的一个问题是 :在卓有成效地利用市场的同时 ,为什么又很快取消了主要商品的市场 ?无法从以往的解释中看出这一变化机制的清晰轮廓。本文以粮食类和花纱布两类商品为典型 ,从市场运行及其成本的层面上 ,探讨了这一时期国内商品市场的变迁。本文认为 ,建国前期国内市场上存在着的两种性质的价格 ,即市价与牌价 ,其相互关系与变动是这一时期市场机制运行的一个特殊形式。有效地利用市场机制促进了这一时期经济的恢复和发展 ,但最终导致市场萎缩关闭的 ,除了其他种种因素之外 ,也还有市场本身的因素。市价与牌价并行这种价格运行机制本身是一种高成本的机制。而这个时期各个利益群体的存在及其市场行为与国家计划目标之间的矛盾 ,更增加了国家在市场管理与市场交易中的成本。以较低的预期成本迅速实现国家的计划目标 ,是这一时期国家进行制度选择的依据。在某种程度上说 ,这可能是制度变迁的更为直接的原因 One problem in the study of the history of the founding of the early market is still present: while effective use of the market, why is quickly canceled the major commodities markets can not see a clear outline of the mechanism of change from the previous interpretation?. In this paper, the two types of foodstuffs and flower gauze are typical examples. From the perspective of market operation and cost, the paper discusses the changes of domestic commodity markets in this period. This paper argues that the two types of prices existing in the domestic market during the early days of the founding of New China, namely the market price and the market price, are the special forms of the operation of the market mechanism during this period. The effective use of market mechanisms has promoted the economic recovery and development during this period, but eventually closed the market down. There are other factors besides the market itself. Market price and price parallel This price operation mechanism itself is a high-cost mechanism. However, the existence of various interest groups and the contradiction between their market behavior and the goals of the state plan during this period have even added to the cost of the state in market management and market transactions. The rapid realization of the planned goal of the country at a lower expected cost is the basis for the system choice of the state during this period. To a certain extent, this may be the more direct reason for the institutional change